Surgery:
Removing the Prostate to Treat Cancer

Surgery for prostate cancer typically refers to a radical prostatectomy, which removes the entire prostate gland and some surrounding tissue. Nearby lymph nodes may also be removed to check for spread.

Types of Radical Prostatectomy

  • Open surgery: A single larger incision, usually in the lower abdomen
  • Robotic-assisted laparoscopic surgery: Several small incisions using robotic arms controlled by the surgeon

Who It’s For

  • Men with localized prostate cancer in good health and a life expectancy of 10+ years
  • Some men with locally advanced disease as part of a multimodal plan

Benefits

  • Potential for cure if cancer is confined to the prostate
  • Pathology after removal can guide further care

Risks and Side Effects

  • Urinary incontinence (may improve over time but can persist)
  • Erectile dysfunction (temporary or long-term; nerve-sparing may help)
  • Short-term risks: bleeding, infection, blood clots
  • Infertility (ejaculation is no longer possible after surgery)

Recovery

Hospital stay is often 1–2 days, with catheter use for 1–2 weeks. Full recovery may take weeks to months.

Questions to Ask Your Surgeon

  • What type of prostatectomy do you recommend for me, and why?
  • Will you perform nerve-sparing surgery if possible?
  • What is your experience and complication rate with this surgery?
  • How will surgery affect my urinary and sexual function?
  • What is the expected recovery timeline?

Trusted Resources & Further Reading

Disclaimer: The information on this page is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Always consult a qualified healthcare provider, such as a physician or urologist, about your personal care. Ask questions, seek multiple opinions if needed, and make decisions in partnership with your medical team.